Prevalence and Associated Factors to Severe Forms of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients Received at the Angiography Unit of the Central Hospital of Yaounde

Authors

  • Annette Ndjambou Service of Ophthalmology, Yaounde Central Hospital Messa, Yaounde 47, Cameroon, Catholic University of Central Africa, School of Health Sciences Messa, Yaounde 1110, Cameroon
  • Viola Andin Dohvoma Service of Ophthalmology, Yaounde Central Hospital Messa, Yaounde 47, Cameroon, Faculty of Medecine and Biomedical Sciences, Yaounde, Cameroon
  • Jean A. J. Ndongo Gyneco-obstetric and pediatric hospital Douala, Douala 7270, Cameroon, Faculty of medicine and pharmaceutical sciences, Douala, Cameroon
  • Francis B. Kengne Catholic University of Central Africa, School of Health Sciences Messa, Yaounde 1110, Cameroon
  • Junior Alapa Nkwate Chefor Catholic University of Central Africa, School of Health Sciences Messa, Yaounde 1110, Cameroon
  • Therese M. Mbezele Mekongo Catholic University of Central Africa, School of Health Sciences Messa, Yaounde 1110, Cameroon
  • Brondon N. Vouofo Gapgueu Department of General Medicine, NGOZI University, Bujumbura 137, Burundi
  • Emilienne Epee Service of Ophthalmology, Yaounde Central Hospital Messa, Yaounde 47, Cameroon, Department for the control of diseases, epidemics and pandemics, Yaounde, Cameroon
  • Caroline Mvilongo Tsimi Service of Ophthalmology, Yaounde Central Hospital Messa, Yaounde 47, Cameroon, Faculty of Medecine and Biomedical Sciences, Yaounde, Cameroon
  • Marie B. Nguena Service of Ophthalmology, Yaounde Central Hospital Messa, Yaounde 47, Cameroon
  • Marie E. Akono Service of Ophthalmology, Yaounde Central Hospital Messa, Yaounde 47, Cameroon, Faculty of Medecine and Biomedical Sciences, Yaounde, Cameroon
  • Corine Talla Mabekou Service of Ophthalmology, Yaounde Central Hospital Messa, Yaounde 47, Cameroon
  • Come Ebana Mvogo Service of Ophthalmology, Yaounde Central Hospital Messa, Yaounde 47, Cameroon

Keywords:

Characteristics, Epidemiology, Diabetic retinopathy, Yaoundé Central Hospital

Abstract

Purpose: The objective of our study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with severe forms of diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients received at the angiography unit of the Yaounde Central Hospital (YCH). Problem: Ocular complications have a particular place because of the social impact and the major handicap they cause. Diabetes in Cameroon affects 615,000 people, i.e. an overall prevalence of 6%, and it represents an important cause of blindness. Among the complications related to diabetes, diabetic retinopathy accounts for 2.6% of blindness in the world. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study of 476 diabetic patients over a three-year period from 2018 to 2020 at the ophthalmology unit of the Yaoundé Central Hospital.  We retained complete diabetic patient records for the main data collected. Statistical analysis of the results was performed with Epi Info version 7.2.2.6 and Excel 2013 analysis software, with data compared using chi 2 with a threshold of p < 0.05 significant level. Results: The prevalence of DR at the angiography unit was estimated at 75.16%, of which 68.05% was type 2 and 7.10% was type 1. There was a statistically significant association between the duration of diabetes and the presence of DR (p=0.000). The angiographic diagnosis of DR in 359 (75.42%) patients corresponding to 711 (74.84%) eyes, and diabetic macular edema in 196 (41.09%) patients corresponding to 387 (40.73%) eyes. Severe forms of diabetic retinopathy were present in 35.72% of the patients with DR, i.e. in 230 (32.35%) eyes. The risk factors for DR were glycemic control, duration of diabetes and hypertension. Conclusion: Hence the importance of insisting on preventive measures and education of the diabetic patient, within the framework of a global and multidisciplinary management strategy, in order to prevent the untoward complications of ocular damage.

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Published

2022-11-24

How to Cite

Annette Ndjambou, Viola Andin Dohvoma, Jean A. J. Ndongo, Francis B. Kengne, Junior Alapa Nkwate Chefor, Therese M. Mbezele Mekongo, Brondon N. Vouofo Gapgueu, Emilienne Epee, Caroline Mvilongo Tsimi, Marie B. Nguena, Marie E. Akono, Corine Talla Mabekou, & Come Ebana Mvogo. (2022). Prevalence and Associated Factors to Severe Forms of Diabetic Retinopathy in Patients Received at the Angiography Unit of the Central Hospital of Yaounde. International Journal of Formal Sciences: Current and Future Research Trends, 15(1), 162–173. Retrieved from https://ijfscfrtjournal.isrra.org/index.php/Formal_Sciences_Journal/article/view/700

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